Gebruiker:T.vanschaik/Kladblok

In onderstaande tabel is de equivalente geleidbaarheid weergegeven van een groot aantal ionen.^[1]

Equivalente geleiding wordt in de conductometrie aangegeven per ladingseenheid. Dat wil zeggen dat de concentratie van een ion gedeeld wordt door zijn lading. Voor eenwaardige ionen maakt dat geen verschil, maar voor calcium staat in de tabel: ${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}Ca^{2+}}}$ , wat wil zeggen dat de in de tabel weergegeven waarde betrekking heeft op een halve mol/L calcium-ionen. Immers als 1 mol calcium-ionen verplaatst is, is er twee mol lading van plaats veranderd. Voor hoger geladen ionen geldt een vergelijkbare regel.

Om de tabel overzichtelijker te maken is deze in vier delen verdeeld: Enerzijds wordt het onderscheid gemaakt op basis van kationen en anionen, anderzijds ook op basis van anorganische en organische ionen.

De sorteerfunctie in de eerste kolom is op basis van de brutoformule.^[2]

Equivalente geleidbaarheden

Anorganische kationen

Ion^[2]	naam	${\ce {\lambda}}$ ${\ce {\times 10^{-3}S.m^{2}.mol^{-1}}}$
${\ce {Ag^{+}}}$	Zilver(I)	6,190
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{3}}Al^{3+}}}$	Aluminium(III)	6,100
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}Ba^{2+}}}$	Barium(II)	6,360
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}Be^{2+}}}$	Beryllium(II)	4,500
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}Ca^{2+}}}$	Calcium(II)	5,947
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}Cd^{2+}}}$	Cadmium(II)	5,400
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{3}}Ce^{3+}}}$	Cerium(III)	6,980
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}Co^{2+}}}$	Kobalt(II)	5,500
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{3}}[Co(NH3)6]^{3+}}}$	Hexa-aminokobaltaat(III)	10,190
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{3}}[Co(en)3]^{3+}}}$	Tri-ethaandi-aminekobaltaat(III)	7,470
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{6}}[Co2(trien)3]^{6+}}}$	Tritetra-aminetriethyleendikobaltaat(III)	6,900
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{3}}Cr^{3+}}}$	Chroom(III)	6,700
${\ce {Cs^{+}}}$	Cesium(I)	7,720
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}Cu^{2+}}}$	Koper(II)	5,360
${\ce {D (^{2}_{1}H^{+})^{+}}}$	Deuterium(I)	21,370
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{3}}Dy^{3+}}}$	Dysprosium(III)	6,560
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{3}}ER^{3+}}}$	Erbium(III)	6,590
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{3}}Eu^{3+}}}$	Europium(III)	6,780
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}Fe^{2+}}}$	IJzer(II)	5,400
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{3}}Fe^{3+}}}$	IJzer(III)	6,800
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{3}}Gd^{3+}}}$	Gadolinium(III)	6,730
${\ce {H^{+}}}$	Waterstof(I)	34,965
${\ce {^{2}_{1}H^{+}}}$	Waterstof-2(I)	21,370
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}Hg2^{2+}}}$	Kwik(I)	6,890
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}Hg^{2+}}}$	Kwik(II)	6,360
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{3}}Ho^{3+}}}$	Holmium(III)	6,610
${\ce {K^{+}}}$	Kalium(I)	7,348
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{3}}La^{3+}}}$	Lanthaan(III)	6,970
${\ce {Li^{+}}}$	Lithium(I)	3,866
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}Mg^{2+}}}$	Magnesium(II)	5,300
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}Mn^{2-}}}$	Mangaan(II)	5,350
${\ce {NH4^{+}}}$	Ammonium	7,350
${\ce {N2H5^{+}}}$	Hydrazidium	5,900
${\ce {Na^{+}}}$	Natrium(I)	5,008
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{3}}Nd^{3+}}}$	Neodymium(III)	6,940
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}Ni^{2+}}}$	Nikkel(II)	5,000
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{4}}[Ni2(trien)3]^{4+}}}$	Tri(triethyleentetraamine)dinikkelaat(II)	5,200
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}Pb^{2+}}}$	Lood(II)	7,100
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{3}}Pr^{3+}}}$	Praseodymium(III)	6,950
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}Ra^{2+}}}$	Radium(II)	6,680
${\ce {Rb^{+}}}$	Rubidium(I)	7,780
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{3}}Sc^{3+}}}$	Scandium(III)	6,470
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{3}}Sm^{3+}}}$	Samarium(III)	6,850
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}Sr^{2+}}}$	Strontium(II)	5,940
${\ce {Tl^{+}}}$	Thallium(I)	7,470
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{3}}Tm^{3+}}}$	Thulium(III)	6,540
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}UO2^{2+}}}$	Uranyl	3,200
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{3}}Y^{3+}}}$	Yttrium	6,200
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{3}}Yb^{3+}}}$	Ytterbium(III)	6,560
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}Zn^{2+}}}$	Zink(II)	5,280

Anorganische anionen

Ion^[2]	naam	${\ce {\lambda}}$ ${\ce {\times 10^{-3}S.m^{2}.mol^{-1}}}$
${\ce {Au(CN)2^{-}}}$	Dicyanoauraat(I)	5,000
${\ce {Au(CN)4^{-}}}$	Tetracyanoauraat(III)	3,600
${\ce {Bi(C6H5)4^{-}}}$	Tetrafenylbismutaat(I)	2,100
${\ce {Br^{-}}}$	Bromide	7,810
${\ce {Br3^{-}}}$	Tribromide	4,300
${\ce {BrO3^{-}}}$	Bromaat	5,570
${\ce {CN^{-}}}$	Cyanide	7,800
${\ce {CNO^{-}}}$	Cyanaat	6,460
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}CO3^{2-}}}$	Carbonaat	6,930
${\ce {Cl^{-}}}$	Chloride	7,631
${\ce {ClO2^{-}}}$	Chloriet	5,200
${\ce {ClO3^{-}}}$	Chloraat	6,460
${\ce {ClO4^{-}}}$	Perchloraat	6,730
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{3}}[Co(CN)6]^{3-}}}$	Hexacyanokobaltaat(III)	9,860
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}CrO4^{2-}}}$	Chromaat	8,500
${\ce {F^{-}}}$	Fluoride	5,540
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{4}}[Fe(CN)6]^{4-}}}$	Hexacyanoferraat(II)	11,040
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{3}}[Fe(CN)6]^{3-}}}$	Hexacyanoferraat(III)	10,090
${\ce {H2AsO4^{-}}}$	Diwatrerstofarsenaat	3,400
${\ce {HCO3^{-}}}$	Waterstofcarbonaat	4,450
${\ce {HF2^{-}}}$	Waterstofdifluoride	7,500
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}HPO4^{2-}}}$	Waterstoffosfaat	3,300
${\ce {H2PO4^{-}}}$	Diwaterstoffosfaat	4,600
${\ce {H2PO3^{-}}}$	Diwaterstoffosfiet	4,600
${\ce {HS^{-}}}$	Waterstofsulfide	6,500
${\ce {HSO3^{-}}}$	Waterstofsulfiet	5,000
${\ce {HSO4^{-}}}$	Waterstofsulfaat	5,000
${\ce {H2SbO4^{-}}}$	Diwaterstofantimonaat	3,100
${\ce {I^{-}}}$	Jodide	7,680
${\ce {IO3^{-}}}$	Jodaat	4,050
${\ce {IO4^{-}}}$	Perjodaat	5,450
${\ce {MnO4^{-}}}$	Permanganaat	6,130
${\ce {N(CN)2^{-}}}$	Dicyanoamide	5,450
${\ce {NO2^{-}}}$	Nitriet	7,180
${\ce {NO3^{-}}}$	Nitraat	7,142
${\ce {NH2SO3^{-}}}$	Mono-amidesulfaat	4,860
${\ce {N3^{-}}}$	Azide	6,900
${{\ce {OCN^{-}}}}$	Isocyanaat	6,460
${\ce {OH^{-}}}$	Hydroxide	19,800
${\ce {PF6^{-}}}$	Hexafluorfosfaat(V)	5,690
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}PO3F^{2-}}}$	Fluortrioxofosfaat(V)	6,330
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{3}}PO4^{3-}}}$	Fosfaat	6,900
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{4}}P2O7^{4-}}}$	Pyrofosfaat	9,600
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{3}}P3O9^{3-}}}$		8,360
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{5}}P3O10^{5-}}}$	Trifosfaat	10,900
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}P4O13^{2-}}}$		9,400
${\ce {ReO4^{-}}}$	Perrenaat	5,490
${\ce {SCN^{-}}}$	Thiocyanaat	6,600
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}SO3^{2-}}}$	Sulfiet	7,990
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}SO4^{2-}}}$	Sulfaat	8,000
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}S2O3^{2-}}}$	Thiosulfaat	8,500
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}S2O4^{2-}}}$		6,650
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}S2O6^{2-}}}$	Tetrathionaat	9,300
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}S2O8^{2-}}}$	Peroxydisulfaat	8,600
${\ce {Sb(OH)6^{-}}}$	Hexahydroxyantimonaat(V)	3,190
${\ce {SeCN^{-}}}$	Selenocyanaat	6,470
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}SeO4^{2-}}}$	Selenaat	6,470
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}WO4^{2-}}}$	Wolframaat	6,900

Organische kationen

Ion^[2]	naam	${\ce {\lambda}}$ ${\ce {\times 10^{-3}S.m^{2}.mol^{-1}}}$
${\ce {[C6H5CH2N(CH3)3]^{+}}}$	Benzyltrimethylammonium	3,460
${\ce {[(CH3)2CHCH2NH3]^{+}}}$	i-Butylammonium	3,800
${\ce {C4H9N(CH3)3^{+}}}$	n-Butyltrimethylammonium	3,360
${\ce {C10H19-(C5H5N)^{+}}}$	/'/n-Decylpyridinium	2,950
${\ce {C10H19N(CH3)3^{+}}}$	n-Decyltrimethylammonium	2,440
${\ce {(C2H5)2NH2^{+}}}$	Di-ethylammonium	4,200
${\ce {(CH3)2NH2^{+}}}$	Dimethylammonium	5,180
${\ce {(C3H7)2NH2^{+}}}$	Dipropylammonium	3,010
${\ce {C12H25NH3^{+}}}$	n-Dodecylammpnium	2,380
${\ce {C12H25N(CH3)3^{+}}}$	n-Dodecyltrimethylammonium	2,260
${\ce {HOCH2CH2NH3^{+}}}$	2-Ammoniumathanol	4,220
${\ce {C2H5NH3^{+}}}$	Ethylammonium	4,720
${\ce {C2H5N(CH3)3^{+}}}$	Ethyltrimethylammonium	4,050
${\ce {C16H33N(CH3)3^{+}}}$	Hexadecyltrimethylammonium	2,090
${\ce {C6H13N(CH3)3^{+}}}$	Hexyltrimethylammonium	2,960
${\ce {Histidyl^{+}}}$		2,300
${\ce {HOCH2CH2N(CH3)3^{+}}}$	Hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium	3,940
${\ce {CH3NH3^{+}}}$	Methylammonium	5,870
${\ce {C18H37(C5H5N)^{+}}}$	Octadecylpyridinium	2,000
${\ce {C18H37N(C4H9)3^{+}}}$	Octadecyltributylammonium	1,660
${\ce {C18H37N(C3H5)3^{+}}}$	Octadecyltri-ethylammonium	1,790
${\ce {C18H37N(CH3)3^{+}}}$	Octadecyltrimethylammonium	1,990
${\ce {C18H37N(C3H7)3^{+}}}$	Octadecyltrimethylammonium	1,720
${\ce {C8H17N(CH3)3^{+}}}$	Octyltrimethylammonium	2,650
${\ce {C5H11NH3^{+}}}$	Pentylammonium	3,700
${\ce {C5H10NH^{+}}}$	Piperidinium	3,720
${\ce {C3H7NH3^{+}}}$	Propylammonium	4,080
${\ce {PyrilNH3^{+}}}$	Pyrilammonium	2,430
${\ce {(C4H9)4N^{+}}}$	Tetra-n-butylammonium	1,950
${\ce {C14H29N(CH3)3^{+}}}$	Tetradecyltrimethylammonium	2,150
${\ce {(C2H5)4N^{+}}}$	Tetraethylammonium	3,260
${\ce {(CH3)4N^{+}}}$	Tetramethylammonium	4,490
${\ce {((CH3)2CHCH2CH2)4N^{+}}}$	Tetra-i-pentylammonium	1,790
${\ce {(C5H11)4N^{+}}}$	Tetra-n-pentylammonium	1,750
${\ce {(C3H7)4N^{+}}}$	Tetrapropylammonium	2,340
${\ce {(C2H5)3NH^{+}}}$	Tri-ethylammonium	3,430
${\ce {(C2H5)3S^{+}}}$	Tri-ethylsulfonium	3,610
${\ce {(CH3)3NH^{+}}}$	Trimethylammonium	4,723
${\ce {C6H13N(CH3)3^{+}}}$	Trimethylhexylammonium	3,460
${\ce {(CH3)3S^{+}}}$	Trimethylsulfonium	5,140
${\ce {(C3H7)3NH^{+}}}$	Tripropylammonium	2,610

Organische anionen

Ion^[2]	naam	${\ce {\lambda}}$ ${\ce {\times 10^{-3}S.m^{2}.mol^{-1}}}$
${\ce {CH3COO^{-}}}$	Acetaat	4,090
${\ce {CH3O(C6H4)COO^{-}}}$	p-anisaat	2,900
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}OOC(CH2)7COO^{2-}}}$	Nonaandioaat	4,060
${\ce {C6H5COO^{-}}}$	Benzoaat	3,240
${\ce {BrCH2COO^{-}}}$	Broomacetaat	3,920
${\ce {C3H7COO^{-}}}$	n-butyraat	3,260
${\ce {Br(C6H4)COO^{-}}}$	Broombenzoaat	3,000
${\ce {ClCH2COO^{-}}}$	Chlooracetaat	4,220
${\ce {Cl(C6H4)COO^{-}}}$	m-Chloorbenzoaat	3,100
${\ce {Cl(C6H4)COO^{-}}}$	o-Chloorbenzoaat	3,020
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{3}}C3H5O(COO)3^{3-}}}$	Citraat	7,020
${\ce {CH3CH=CHCOO^{-}}}$	Croronaat	3,320
${\ce {N#CCH2COO^{-}}}$	Cyanoacetaat	4,340
${\ce {C6H11COO^{-}}}$	Cyclohexaancarboxylaat	2,870
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}C3H4(COO)2^{2-}}}$	1,1-Cyclopropaandicarboxylaat	5,380
${\ce {C10H19OSO3^{-}}}$	Decylsulfaat	2,600
${\ce {Cl2CHCOO^{-}}}$	Dichlooracetaat	3,830
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}C8H10N2O3^{2-}}}$	Di-ethylbarbituraat	2,630
${\ce {C3H5O(COOH)2COO^{-}}}$	Diwaterstofcitraat	3,000
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}(CH3)2C(COO)2^{2-}}}$	Dimethylmalonaat	4,940
${\ce {(NO2)2C6H3COO^{-}}}$	3,5-Dinitrobenzoaat	2,830
${\ce {C12H25OSO3^{-}}}$	Dodecylsulfaat	2,400
${\ce {C2H5OC(O)CH2COO^{-}}}$	Ethylmalonaat	4,930
${\ce {C2H5OSO3^{-}}}$	Ethylsulfaat	3,960
${\ce {FCH2COO^{-}}}$	Fluoracetaat	4,440
${\ce {F(C6H4)COO^{-}}}$	Fluorbenzoaat	3,300
${\ce {HCOO^{-}}}$	Formaat	5,460
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}OOCCH=CHCOO^{2-}}}$	Fumaraat	6,180
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}OOC(CH2)3COO^{2-}}}$	Glutaraat	5,260
${\ce {HOOCCOO^{-}}}$	Waterstofoxalaat	4,020
${\ce {(CH3)2CHCH2COO^{-}}}$	i-Valeraat	3,270
${\ce {ICH2COO^{-}}}$	Joodacetaat	4,060
${\ce {CH2CH(OH)COO^{-}}}$	Lactaat	3,880
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}OOCCH2CH(OH)COO^{2-}}}$	Malaat	5,880
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}OOCCH=CHCOO^{2-}}}$	Maleaat	6,190
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}OOCCH2COO^{2-}}}$	Malonaat	6,350
${\ce {CH3OSO3^{-}}}$	Methylsulfaat	4,880
${\ce {(C10H7)CH2COO^{-}}}$	Naftylacetaat	2,840
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}(COO)2^{2-}}}$	Oxalaat	7,411
${\ce {C8H17OSO3^{-}}}$	Octylsulfaat	2,900
${\ce {(C6H5)CH2COO^{-}}}$	Fenylacetaat	3,060
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}(C6H4)COO^{2-}}}$	o-Ftalaat	5,230
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}(C6H4)COO^{2-}}}$	m-Ftalaat	5,470
${\ce {(O2N)3C6H2O^{-}}}$	Picraat	3,037
${\ce {(CH3)3CCOO^{-}}}$	Pivalaat	3,190
${\ce {CH3CH2COO^{-}}}$	Propionaat	3,580
${\ce {C3H7OSO3^{-}}}$	Propylsulfaat	3,710
${\ce {HO(C6H4)COO^{-}}}$	Salicylaat	3,600
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}OOC(CH2)6COO^{2-}}}$	Subaraat	3,600
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}OOC(CH2)2COO^{2-}}}$	Succinaat	5,880
${\ce {{\tfrac {1}{2}}(CH(OH)COO)2^{2-}}}$	Tartraat	5,960
${\ce {CCl3COO^{-}}}$	Trichlooracetaat	3,660

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties

↑ De gegevens in deze tabel zijn, tenzij anders aangegeven, ontleend aan: Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 1^st Student Edition (1988), CRC Press (Roca Raton, Florida), ISBN 0-8493-040-6.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Sorteren op basis van brutoformule wil zeggen dat eerst naar de koolstofatomen gekeken wordt, dan naar waterstofatomen en vervolgens de rest van de in het ion aanwezige elementen op alfabetische volgorde van hun symbool. Zie ook Brutoformule op wikipedia.

[1] De gegevens in deze tabel zijn, tenzij anders aangegeven, ontleend aan: Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 1^st Student Edition (1988), CRC Press (Roca Raton, Florida), ISBN 0-8493-040-6.

[bruto-2] Sorteren op basis van brutoformule wil zeggen dat eerst naar de koolstofatomen gekeken wordt, dan naar waterstofatomen en vervolgens de rest van de in het ion aanwezige elementen op alfabetische volgorde van hun symbool. Zie ook Brutoformule op wikipedia.

[1]

[2]