Isotopen van radon
Het chemisch element radon (Rn), met een atoommassa van ongeveer 222 u, bezit geen stabiele isotopen en wordt dus geclassificeerd als radioactief element. De 35 radio-isotopen zijn onstabiel en hebben een relatief korte halfwaardetijd (de meeste minder dan een seconde). In de natuur komen sporen van de radio-isotopen 218Rn, 219Rn, 220Rn (ook wel thoron genoemd) en 222Rn voor.
De kortstlevende isotoop van radon is 196Rn, met een halfwaardetijd van ongeveer 4,7 milliseconden. De langstlevende is 222Rn, met een halfwaardetijd van 3,823 dagen.
Overzicht
bewerkenNuclide | Z (p) | N (n) | Isotopische massa (u) | Halveringstijd | Radioactief verval | VP | Kernspin | Isotopische verhouding (molfractie) |
Natuurlijk voorkomen (molfractie) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Excitatie-energie | |||||||||
195Rn | 86 | 109 | 195,00544(5) | 6 ms | 3/2− | ||||
195mRn | 50(50) keV | 6 ms | 13/2+ | ||||||
196Rn | 86 | 110 | 196,002115(16) | 4,7(11) ms | α | 192Po | 0+ | ||
β+ (zelden) | 196At | ||||||||
197Rn | 86 | 111 | 197,00158(7) | 66(16) ms | α | 193Po | 3/2− | ||
β+ (zelden) | 197At | ||||||||
197mRn | 200(60) keV | 21(5) ms | α | 193Po | (13/2+) | ||||
β+ (zelden) | 197At | ||||||||
198Rn | 86 | 112 | 197,998679(14) | 65(3) ms | α (99%) | 194Po | 0+ | ||
β+ (1%) | 198At | ||||||||
199Rn | 86 | 113 | 198,99837(7) | 620(30) ms | α (94%) | 195Po | 3/2− | ||
β+ (6%) | 199At | ||||||||
199mRn | 180(70) keV | 320(20) ms | α (97%) | 195Po | 13/2+ | ||||
β+ (3%) | 199At | ||||||||
200Rn | 86 | 114 | 199,995699(14) | 0,96(3) s | α (98%) | 196Po | 0+ | ||
β+ (2%) | 200At | ||||||||
201Rn | 86 | 115 | 200,99563(8) | 7,0(4) s | α (80%) | 197Po | (3/2−) | ||
β+ (20%) | 201At | ||||||||
201mRn | 280(90) keV | 3,8(1) s | α (90%) | 197Po | (13/2+) | ||||
β+ (10%) | 201At | ||||||||
IT (< 1%) | 201Rn | ||||||||
202Rn | 86 | 116 | 201,993263(19) | 9,94(18) s | α (85%) | 198Po | 0+ | ||
β+ (15%) | 202At | ||||||||
203Rn | 86 | 117 | 202,993387(25) | 44,2(16) s | α (66%) | 199Po | (3/2−) | ||
β+ (34%) | 203At | ||||||||
203mRn | 363(4) keV | 26,7(5) s | α (80%) | 199Po | 13/2+ | ||||
β+ (20%) | 203At | ||||||||
204Rn | 86 | 118 | 203,991429(16) | 1,17(18) min | α (73%) | 200Po | 0+ | ||
β+ (27%) | 204At | ||||||||
205Rn | 86 | 119 | 204,99172(5) | 170(4) s | β+ (77%) | 205At | 5/2− | ||
α (23%) | 201Po | ||||||||
206Rn | 86 | 120 | 205,990214(16) | 5,67(17) min | α (62%) | 202Po | 0+ | ||
β+ (38%) | 206At | ||||||||
207Rn | 86 | 121 | 206,990734(28) | 9,25(17) min | β+ (79%) | 207At | 5/2− | ||
α (21%) | 203Po | ||||||||
207mRn | 899,0(10) keV | 181(18) µs | (13/2+) | ||||||
208Rn | 86 | 122 | 207,989642(12) | 24,35(14) min | α (62%) | 204Po | 0+ | ||
β+ (38%) | 208At | ||||||||
209Rn | 86 | 123 | 208,990415(21) | 28,5(10) min | β+ (83%) | 209At | 5/2− | ||
α (17%) | 205Po | ||||||||
209m1Rn | 1173,98(13) keV | 13,4(13) µs | 13/2+ | ||||||
209m2Rn | 3636,78(23) keV | 3,0(3) µs | (35/2+) | ||||||
210Rn | 86 | 124 | 209,989696(9) | 2,4(1) uur | α (96%) | 206Po | 0+ | ||
β+ (4%) | 210At | ||||||||
210m1Rn | 1690(15) keV | 644(40) ns | 8+ | ||||||
210m2Rn | 3837(15) keV | 1,06(5) µs | 17− | ||||||
210m3Rn | 6493(15) keV | 1,04(7) µs | 22+ | ||||||
211Rn | 86 | 125 | 210,990601(7) | 14,6(2) uur | α (72,6%) | 207Po | 1/2− | ||
β+ (27,4%) | 211At | ||||||||
212Rn | 86 | 126 | 211,990704(3) | 23,9(12) min | α | 208Po | 0+ | ||
β+β+ (zelden) | 212Po | ||||||||
213Rn | 86 | 127 | 212,993883(6) | 19,5(1) ms | α | 209Po | (9/2+) | ||
214Rn | 86 | 128 | 213,995363(10) | 0,27(2) µs | α | 210Po | 0+ | ||
β+β+ (zelden) | 214Po | ||||||||
214mRn | 4595,4 keV | 245(30) ns | (22+) | ||||||
215Rn | 86 | 129 | 214,998745(8) | 2,30(10) µs | α | 211Po | 9/2+ | ||
216Rn | 86 | 130 | 216,000274(8) | 45(5) µs | α | 212Po | 0+ | ||
217Rn | 86 | 131 | 217,003928(5) | 0,54(5) ms | α | 213Po | 9/2+ | ||
218Rn | 86 | 132 | 218,0056013(25) | 35(5) ms | α | 214Po | 0+ | sporen | |
219Rn | 86 | 133 | 219,0094802(27) | 3,96(1) s | α | 215Po | 5/2+ | sporen | |
220Rn | 86 | 134 | 220,0113940(24) | 55,6(1) s | α | 216Po | 0+ | sporen | |
β−β− (zelden) | 220Ra | ||||||||
221Rn | 86 | 135 | 221,015537(6) | 25,7(5) min | β− (78%) | 221Fr | 7/2(+) | ||
α (22%) | 217Po | ||||||||
222Rn | 86 | 136 | 222,0175777(25) | 3,8235(3) dagen | α | 218Po | 0+ | sporen | |
223Rn | 86 | 137 | 223,02179(32) | 24,3(4) min | β− | 223Fr | 7/2 | ||
224Rn | 86 | 138 | 224,02409(32) | 107(3) min | β− | 224Fr | 0+ | ||
225Rn | 86 | 139 | 225,02844(32) | 4,66(4) min | β− | 225Fr | 7/2− | ||
226Rn | 86 | 140 | 226,03089(43) | 7,4(1) min | β− | 226Fr | 0+ | ||
227Rn | 86 | 141 | 227,03541(45) | 20,8(7) s | β− | 227Fr | 5/2+ | ||
228Rn | 86 | 142 | 228,03799(44) | 65(2) s | β− | 228Fr | 0+ | ||
229Rn | 86 | 143 | 229,0426536(141) | 12 s |
Overzicht van isotopen per element
bewerken1 | 18 | |||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | H | 2 | Periodiek systeem | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | He | |||||||||
2 | Li | Be | De links verwijzen naar isotopen per element | B | C | N | O | F | Ne | |||||||||
3 | Na | Mg | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | Al | Si | P | S | Cl | Ar |
4 | K | Ca | Sc | Ti | V | Cr | Mn | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | Ga | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr |
5 | Rb | Sr | Y | Zr | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | Ag | Cd | In | Sn | Sb | Te | I | Xe |
6 | Cs | Ba | ↓ | Hf | Ta | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg | Tl | Pb | Bi | Po | At | Rn |
7 | Fr | Ra | ↓↓ | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og |
Lanthaniden | La | Ce | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | |||
Actiniden | Ac | Th | Pa | U | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr |
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
- (en) R.B. Firestone, S.Y. Frank Chu & C.M. Baglin (1999) - Table of Isotopes (online versie van de cd-rom)
- (en) G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot & O. Bersillon (2003) - The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties, Nuclear Physics A, 729, pp. 3-128
- (en) J.R. de Laeter, J.K. Böhlke, P. De Bièvre, H. Hidaka, H.S. Peiser, K.J.R. Rosman & P.D.P. Taylor (2003) - Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 75 (6), pp. 683–800
- (en) M.E. Wieser (2006) - Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 78 (11), pp. 2051–2066
- (en) David R. Lide (2004) - CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.), hoofdstuk 11, CRC Press - ISBN 978-0849304859